{"id":1181,"date":"2021-05-21T15:39:37","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T18:39:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/?p=1181"},"modified":"2025-10-13T13:35:31","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T16:35:31","slug":"ensaio-sobre-a-teoria-economica-o-estado-e-a-politica-fiscal-uma-breve-sintese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/ensaio-sobre-a-teoria-economica-o-estado-e-a-politica-fiscal-uma-breve-sintese\/","title":{"rendered":"Ensaio sobre a teoria econ\u00f4mica, o Estado e a pol\u00edtica fiscal: uma breve s\u00edntese"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fabr\u00edcio Augusto de Oliveira\u00b9<\/b>
<\/span>Francisco Luiz C. Lopreato\u00b2<\/b><\/p>\n

Resumo\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Este trabalho analisa como o Estado, a pol\u00edtica fiscal e os impostos t\u00eam sido tratados na teoria econ\u00f4mica desde Adam\u00a0 Smith at\u00e9 os dias atuais. Para tanto, percorre as v\u00e1rias etapas de desenvolvimento do pensamento econ\u00f4mico, \u00e0 luz da\u00a0 evolu\u00e7\u00e3o e das transforma\u00e7\u00f5es conhecidas pelo capitalismo, e como as ideias a respeito dessas quest\u00f5es foram se\u00a0 alternando, ora condenando a atua\u00e7\u00e3o do Estado no campo econ\u00f4mico, ora defendendo-a, em fun\u00e7\u00e3o das crises e da\u00a0 necessidade de reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema. Sua conclus\u00e3o \u00e9 a de que, passado um longo per\u00edodo em tempos mais recentes,\u00a0 em que predominaram as ideias neoliberais de ser a mesma altamente disfuncional para o sistema, a Grande Recess\u00e3o\u00a0 provocada pela crise de 2008, seguida das crises da d\u00edvida soberana europeia e do novo coronav\u00edrus, levou \u00e0 reinclus\u00e3o\u00a0 tanto do Estado como da pol\u00edtica fiscal na caixa de ferramentas consideradas necess\u00e1rias para sua sobreviv\u00eancia.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Palavras-chave<\/b>: Estado, Pol\u00edtica fiscal, Teoria macroecon\u00f4mica.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Abstract\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

This paper analyzes how the State, fiscal policy and taxes have been treated in economic theory since Adam Smith to\u00a0 the present day. To this end, it goes through the various stages of the development of economic thought, in the light of\u00a0 the evolution and transformations known by capitalism, and as the ideas about these issues were alternating,\u00a0 condemning the State’s action in the economic field, or defending it, due to the crises and the need to reproduce the\u00a0 system. Its conclusion is that, after a long period in more recent times, in which neoliberal ideas of being the same\u00a0 highly dysfunctional for the system predominated, the Great Recession caused by the 2008 crisis, followed by the crises\u00a0 of European sovereign debt and the new coronavirus, led to the reinclusion of both the State and fiscal policy in the\u00a0 toolbox deemed necessary for its survival.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Keywords<\/b>: State, Fiscal policy, Macroeconomic theory.\u00a0
<\/span>C\u00f3digos JEL<\/b>: E, E6, H.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
Texto Completo<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\n

NOTAS<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] <\/strong>Professor da Escola do Legislativo do Estado de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. E-mail: <\/span>fabricioaugusto@hotmail.com<\/span>.\u00a0
[2] <\/strong>Professor livre-docente, aposentado, do Instituto de Economia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas\u00a0 (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brasil. E-mail: lopreato@unicamp.br.
<\/span><\/h5>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fabr\u00edcio Augusto de Oliveira\u00b9Francisco Luiz C. Lopreato\u00b2 Resumo\u00a0 Este trabalho analisa como o Estado, a pol\u00edtica fiscal e os impostos […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":383,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[117,285,528,533,258,132,498,536,529,530,37,537,531,39,532,535,118,534,400],"class_list":["post-1181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publicacoes","tag-capitalismo","tag-capitalismo-contemporaneo","tag-conjuntura-em-debate","tag-estado","tag-estado-nacional","tag-fabricio-augusto-de-oliveira","tag-fabricio-oliveira","tag-fiscal-policy","tag-francisco-luiz-lopreato","tag-instituto-de-economia","tag-macroeconomia","tag-macroeconomic-theory","tag-pensamento-economico","tag-politica-fiscal","tag-reproducao-do-sistema","tag-state","tag-teoria-economica","tag-teoria-macroeconomica","tag-unicamp"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Luiz Carlos Santos","author_link":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/author\/luiz_carlos-santos-de-jesus\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Fabr\u00edcio Augusto de Oliveira\u00b9Francisco Luiz C. Lopreato\u00b2 Resumo\u00a0 Este trabalho analisa como o Estado, a pol\u00edtica fiscal e os impostos […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/383"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1181"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1191,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181\/revisions\/1191"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.ufes.br\/grupodeconjunturaufes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}